Suppose you want to construct an XHTML document that uses for non-breaking spaces, é for “é”, etc.
<xsl:output method="xml"
doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
doctype-system="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"
use-character-maps="example-map"/>
<xsl:character-map name="example-map">
<xsl:output-character character="é"
string="&eacute;"/>
<xsl:output-character character=" "
string="&nbsp;"/>
</xsl:character-map>