Creating the Result Tree

Any element in a template rule that is not in the XSL (or other extension) namespace is copied literally to the result tree

The content of <xsl:text> elements is copied directly to the result tree; whitespace is preserved by default

<xsl:text>Literal result text</xsl:text>

Inserts the value of an expression into the result tree, converting it to a string first if necessary

<xsl:value-of select="$count + 1"/>

Copies the current node or, in the case of xsl:copy-of, the selected nodes, into the result tree without first converting them to a string

<xsl:copy-of select="title"/>

Instantiates the named element

...
<xsl:param name="header">h3</xsl:param>
...
<xsl:element name="{$header}">
  <xsl:apply-templates/>
</xsl:element>

Adds the named attribute to the nearest containing element

<table>
  <xsl:if test="@pgwide='1'">
    <xsl:attribute name="width">100%</xsl:attribute>
  </xsl:if>
  ...
</table>